Hajnan, Hainan |
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Hainan Island was called the Pearl Cliffs, Fine Jade Cliffs ( Qióngyá), and the Fine Jade Land (Qióngzhou), the latter two gave rise to the province's abbreviation, Qióng, referring to the greenery cover on the island.
In Wu Kingdom of the Three Kingdoms Period, Hainan was the Zhuya Commandery.
Hainan was one of the last areas of China controlled by the Chiang Kai-Shek's KMT. From March to May 1950, the Landing Operation on Hainan Island captured the island for the Chinese communists. During the mid-1980s (01.1984-03.1985), when Hainan was still part of the Guangdong Province, a 14-month episode of marketing zeal by Hainan Special District Administrator Lei Yu* (08.1982-03.1985) put Hainan's pursuit of provincial status under a cloud. It involved the duty-free importation from Hongkong of 90,000 Japanese-made cars and trucks at a cost of CY 4,500,000,000 (US$ 1,500,000,000), and exporting them-with the help of local naval units-to the mainland, making 150 % profits. By comparison, only 10,000 vehicles were imported into Hainan since 1950. In addition, it involved further consignments of 2.9 million TV sets, 252,000 videocassette recorders & 122,000 motorcycles. The money was taken from the 1983 central gov't funds destined for the construction of the island's transportation infrastructure (roads, railways, airports, harbours) over the next 10 years. The central gov't funds were deemed insufficient by the Hainan authorities for the construction of the island's other infrastructures (water works, power stations, telecommunications, etc.) and had taken a very liberal interpretation of the economic and trade regulations for Hainan & 13 other coastal cities - the regulations did not mention on prohibiting the re-selling of second hand goods. Some of the proceeds, from unsold units, were later retrieved by the central gov't to re-finance the special district. |
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14. Photos 15. Anthem - sound file |
1. Dependency status: province of the People's Republic of China 2. Government type: communist state (China) 3. Location: largest island administered by the China, is separated by the Qiongzhou Straitfrom the Leizhou Peninsua of Guangdong. 4. Border Countries: none (island) 5. Climate: Tropical moist monsoonal climate. Its annual temperature change is less than 15 degrees Celsius. The coldest months are January and February when the temperatures drop to 16 to 21 degrees Celsius; the hottest months are July and August, and the temperatures are 25 to 29 degrees Celsius
6. Terrain: To the West of Hainan is the Gulf of Tonkin. Wuzhi Mountain (1,876 m) is the highest mountain in the island 7. Area: 33,920 km2 8. Capital: Haikou 9. Administrative divisions: The cities and counties of Hainan are divided into 218 township-level divisions, including 181 townships, 20 towns, and 17 subdistricts. 10. Population: 8,030,000 inhabitians (2002) 11. Languages: Chinese, Hainanese 12. Religions: Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Muslim 2%-3%, Christian 1% (est.) note: officially atheist 13. Currency: yuan (CNY) |
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